Different roles of helper T lymphocytes during dendritic cells vaccine in experimental breast cancer

Breast cancer is the most common women’s tumor. Treatments though effective, are often aggressive and leave the patients vulnerable to developing opportunistic infections. There is a need for less aggressive more effective new therapies. In this study, we have made an attempt to evaluate DCs immunotherapy by flow cytometry, analyzing the presence of infiltrating cells, cytokines and transcription factors in the spleens, lymph nodes and tumors of breast cancer mice undergoing immunotherapy. The 4T1 cell transfection was used to induce breast cancer in Balb/c mice aged 6 to 8 weeks. Mice were treated with 3 doses of DCs vaccine. After the treatment, animals were euthanized, the spleen, lymphnodes and tumors were removed and used to perform flow cytometry. Results have shown higher CD4+ T lymphocytes that produce IL-12 in the spleen of group treated with DCs vaccine (149,8-271,3) 172,4. Further, there was an increase in T-bet (976,1-1075) 1022 in the lymph nodes of tumor group treated with DCs and less FOXP3 (795,7 - 895) 832. Tumoral volume and the FOXP3 were decreased in the treated group. There was an increase in the transcription factor of Th1 profile, and of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, inferring a good immune response. With these observations, it can be concluded that the DC vaccine is effective in combating the development of tumors.

Changes in body weight, C-reactive protein, and total adiponectin in non-obese women after 12 months of a small-volume, home-based exercise program

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate the effects of small-volume, home-based exercise combined with slight caloric restriction on the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein and adiponectin. METHODS: In total, 54 women were randomly assigned to one of two groups for exercise intervention: the control or home-based exercise groups. Weight, waist and hip circumferences, and inflammatory markers were measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Women allocated to the home-based exercise group received a booklet explaining the physical exercises to be practiced at home at least 3 times per week, 40 minutes per session, at low-to-moderate intensity. All participants received dietary counseling aimed at reducing caloric intake by 100-300 calories per day, with a normal distribution of macro-nutrients (26-28% of energy as fat). Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01206413 RESULTS: The home-based exercise group showed a significantly greater reduction in weight and body mass index at six months, but no difference between groups was observed thereafter. With regard to the inflammatory markers, a greater but non-statistically significant reduction was found for C-reactive protein in the home-based exercise group at six months; however, this difference disappeared after adjusting for weight change. No differences in adiponectin were found at the 6- or 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: Small-volume, home-based exercise did not promote changes in inflammatory markers independent of weight change. .

Influência da grelina sobre o processo de estímulo-secreção de insulina in vitro em camundongos Swiss adultos hiperalimentados na lactação / Ghrelin influence on the process of insulin secretion stimulus-vitro in mice Swiss adults overfeeding in lactation

O excesso ou a privação de nutrientes em períodos específicos do desenvolvimento, tais como a lactação, estimulam alterações no metabolismo celular, por exemplo. Estas modificações perpetuam-se ao longo da vida e em conseqüência tornam o organismo mais suscetível ao aparecimento de patologias na idade adulta (Programação Metabólica). Estudamos a influência da grelina na secreção de insulina em camundongos Swiss de 120 dias submetidos à hiperalimentação na lactação. Para induzir a hiperalimentação as ninhadas foram reduzidas a 3 filhotes machos por lactante no 3o dia de vida pós-natal. As ninhadas controle foram ajustadas para 9 filhotes machos por lactante. Na idade adulta os animais hiperalimentados (AH) exibiram em comparação aos animais controle (AC) um incremento de 20% no peso corporal, maior índice de Lee (1705,63 g/mm + 29,3 vs 1374,10 g/mm + 54,9; p< 0,001), elevação da gordura corporal (31,0% + 4,6 vs 21,5% + 3,6; p< 0,01), aumento da gordura retroperitoneal (0,79 g + 0,1 vs 0,44 g + 0,1; p< 0,001), hiperglicemia de jejum (151,83 mg/ dl + 8,3 vs 118,0 mg/ dl + 1,0; p< 0,001), hiperinsulinemia de jejum (54,06 µUI/ml + 2,3 vs 19,28 µUI/ml + 1,53; p< 0,001) e hipogrelinemia de jejum (98,64 pg/ml + 56,5 vs 201,14 pg/ml + 46,4; p< 0,05). Os AH apresentaram maior secreção de insulina in vitro em presença de glicose aos 10 minutos (209,66 µUI/ml + 46,5; p< 0,05), 30 minutos (441,88 µUI/ml + 30,2; p< 0,05) e 60 minutos (214,34 µUI/ml + 29,8) em comparação aos AC, respectivamente 86,90 µUI/ml + 9,5; 74,31 µUI/ml + 7,7 vs 27,45 µUI/ml + 6,1; p< 0,05. As ilhotas pancreáticas dos AH adultos demonstraram em relação aos AC diminuição do consumo de O2 (1,76 pmols O2/ s. ilhota-1 + 0,4 vs 4,85 pmols O2/ s. ilhota-1 + 1,5; p< 0,001) e elevação do conteúdo do receptor de grelina GHSR1A (3,05 % + 2,13 vs 0,95 % + 0,1; p< 0,05)...

Excess or lack of nutrients at specific times of development generates adaptive responses that can change the body causing the onset of chronic diseases in adulthood (Metabolic Programming). We studied the influence of the hormone ghrelin in insulin secretion of adult Swiss mice overfed during lactation. To induce early postnatal overnutrition, the litter size was reduced to 3 pups per litter at the 3rd day after birth. In the control group, the litter size was adjusted to 9 pups per litter. In adulthood, overfed group (OG) had an increase of 20% in body weight compared to control group (CG). OG had increased in Lee index (1705.63 g/mm + 29.3 vs 1374.10 g/mm + 54.9; p< 0.001), high body fat (31.0% + 4.6 vs 21.5% + 3.6; p< 0.01), and an elevated retroperitoneal fat (0.79 g + 0.1 vs 0.44 g + 0.1; p< 0.001), fasting hyperglycemia (151.83 mg/ dl + 8.3 vs 118.0 mg/ dl + 1.0; p< 0.001), high fasting insulinemia (54.06 µUI/ml + 2.3 vs 19.28 µUI/ml + 1.53; p< 0.001), and low fasting plasma ghrelin (98.64 pg/ml + 56.5 vs 201.14 pg/ml + 46.4; p< 0.05) compared to CG at 120 days. OG exhibited high insulin secretion in vitro at 10 minutes (209.66 µUI/ml + 46.5), 30 minutes (441.88 µUI/ml + 30.2), and 60 minutes (214.34 µUI/ml + 29.8) compared to CG, respectively 86.90 µUI/ml + 9.5; 74.31 µUI/ml + 7.7 vs 27.45 µUI/ml + 6.1; p< 0.05. Pancreatic islets from OG had a decrease of O2 consumption compared to CG (1.76 pmols O2/ s. islets-1 + 0.4 vs 4.85 pmols O2/ s. islets-1 + 1.5; p< 0.001) and an increased of GHSR1A content (3.05 % + 2.13 vs 0.95 % + 0.1; p< 0.05). Acylated ghrelin increased control group’s insulin secretion in vitro at 30 minutes (CG with ghrelin: 208.50 µUI/ml + 40.85 vs CG without ghrelin 74.31 µUI/ml + 7,7; p< 0.05) and decreased the respiratory control ration (CG with ghrelin: 1.45 + 0.2 vs CG without ghrelin: 2.51 + 0.7; p< 0.05)...

Avaliação de depressão, síndrome de Burnout e qualidade de vida em bombeiros / Assessment of depression, Burnout and quality of life in firefighters

A avaliação de Burnout em diversas profissões que lidam diretamente com o sofrimento humano vem gerando um corpo de conhecimento mais coeso sobre este construto nos últimos anos, no entanto, poucas são as pesquisas que avaliam a associação de Burnout com patologias relacionadas ao humor, bem como com a qualidade de vida na cultura brasileira. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi correlacionar sintomatologia depressiva, Burnout e qualidade de vida em 101 bombeiros de uma região do interior de São Paulo. Para tanto, foi utilizado um questionário de identificação, contendo dados sociodemográficos e de satisfação com diversas variáveis organizacionais, o Inventário de Burnout (MBI), o Inventário de Beck de Depressão (BDI) e o inventário de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-bref), em grupos de cinco bombeiros, por um período de 60 minutos. Os resultados demonstraram correlações negativas entre depressão e todas as dimensões de despersonalização de Burnout. Os resultados são discutidos à luz das pesquisas envolvendo estes três construtos, já que os achados corroboram grande parte da literatura internacional, bem como são discutidas algumas questões referentes à sobreposição de sintomatologias de depressão e Burnout

The evaluation of burnout in several occupations that works with the human suffers is to fecunde to engendera coesive knowledment about this construct in the last years, but few researchs evaluate the association aboutburnout with humor pathologies and quality of life in our culture. The purpose of this research was to correlatedepressive symptomatology with burnout and quality of life in 101 firefighters in three municipal district ofSão Paulo (Brazil). For this was use an identification questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, BeckDepression Inventory and World Health Organization Quality of Life in groups of five firefighter, in the timeof a hour. The results show negative correlations between depression and all dimensions of quality of lifeand positive correlations between emotion exhausting and despersonalization with depression. The resultsare discuss considering this three concepts, because the international literature confirm the data of thisresearch. Another point in discussion is the similar symptomatology between depression and burnout

Estudo da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em dois voluntários de meia-idade, um coronariopata e outro saudável: relato de caso / Study of the heart rate variability in two middle-aged men, one with heart disease and another healthy: case report

A utilidade clínica da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca para a identificaçäo de alteraçöes do sistema nervoso autônomo nas doenças do coraçäo tem sido reforçada por meio da implementaçäo de diferentes métodos de estudo da variabilidade. Neste estudo, procurou-se avaliar as diferenças entre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em repouso e em exercício de dois voluntários de meia-idade, um coronariopata e outro saudável, utilizando-se índices de variabilidade RMSM e RMSSD, bem como comparar sua relaçäo com a capacidade física dos voluntários. Os resultados demonstraram que o voluntário coronariopata apresentou menor variabilidade da frequência cardíaca tanto em repouso como em exercício, maior valor absoluto de frequência cardíaca de repouso e menor elevaçäo rápida desses valores no início do exercício, comparativamente ao voluntário saudável, sinais esses que sugerem alteraçöes na modulaçäo parassimpática do voluntário coronariopata.

Diverticulite de apêndice cecal; relato de caso / Diverticulitis of cecal appendix; a case report

Os autores apresentam o relato de um caso de diverticulose apendicular com diverticulite associada. A histologia, formas clínicas e diagnóstico diferencial com apendicite aguda säo discutidos